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Annuity
Settlements
Despite all
the legal language around them, structured settlements are simple. Many
lawsuits result in someone or some company paying money to another to right a
wrong. Those responsible for the wrong may agree to the settlement on their
own, or they may be forced to pay the money when they lose the case in court.
If the
settlement is small enough, the wronged party may have the option to receive a
lump sum settlement. For larger settlements, however, a structured settlement
annuity may be arranged.
In this
case, the at-fault party puts the money toward an annuity, which is a financial
product that guarantees regular payments over time from an insurance company.
The
structured settlement agreement details the series of payments the person who
was wronged will receive as compensation for the harm done to them. Structuring
the money over a longer period of time offers a better future guarantee of
financial security because a single payout can be spent quickly.
Structured
settlements gained popularity in the 1980s after the U.S. Congress passed the
Periodic Payment Settlement Act. According to the National Structured
Settlements Trade Association, almost $6 billion in new structured settlements
are issued annually.
Frequently
Asked Questions: Get
straightforward answers to common questions about a structured settlement
annuity.
How Do Structured Settlements Work?
A structured
settlement pays out money owed from a legal settlement through periodic
payments in the form of a financial product known as an annuity. However, many
legal settlements offer a lump sum payment option, which provides a one-time
sum of money. The key differences between both annuity settlement options are
the long-term security and the taxes. For example, money received from a
personal injury case is almost always tax free when you receive it. However,
once the money is yours, you’re liable for taxes and dividends from the lump
sum.
There are a
number of reasons why an individual may receive a structured settlement, the most
common cases being:
- Personal Injury: A personal injury case is a
civil case where someone who’s been harmed files a lawsuit seeking money
from the person believed responsible for the harm. Money in the form of a
structured settlement helps recipient pay for medical expenses or other
costs.
- Workers’ Compensation: Most people know about
workers compensation, which pays out workers who get injured on the job
while they recover. Payments can be used for medical treatment and wage
replacement during periods when injured employees are unable to work and
other expenses.
- Medical Malpractice: In some unfortunate cases,
doctors can do more harm than good. In this instance, injured patients or
the families of deceased patients can sue for medical malpractice.
- Wrongful Death: A structured settlement is
also a common way to compensate the family of someone whose death was the
subject of a wrongful death claim. Families may be entitled to receive a
stream of tax free payments, to replace the loss of income previously earned
by the lost loved one.
Structured
settlements — or structured annuities — are both financial products and legal
judgements. While they function somewhat like private assets, they are also
subject to complex regulations. Learn about the process of being awarded a
structured settlement annuity as well as the legal protections and advantages
given to structured settlement recipients through the following pages:
- Structured Settlement Payout
Options: Compare and contrast the different ways to accept a cash
settlement from a lawsuit.
- Government Support for
Structured Settlements: Learn about how the government uses the tax code
to promote the use of structured settlements.
- Structured Settlements for
Minors: Read about why this type of settlement is typically used in cases
involving underage children.
Structured Settlement Pros and Cons
Structured
annuities are ideally suited for many different types of cases. However, once
the terms are in place, they cannot be changed. For additional information on
how structured settlements work, payout options, or how to access your cash
award ahead of the annuity contract schedule, the Structured Settlements FAQs
page can be a beneficial resource within your search.
There are a
number of advantages from receiving structured settlement payments. When
deciding on any financial investment, it is important to understand the
benefits along with the risks.
Pros
- Structured settlement payments
are tax-free.
- In the event of the recipient’s
premature death, the contract’s designated heir can continue to receive
any future guaranteed tax-free payments.
- Payments can be scheduled for
almost any length of time and can begin immediately or be deferred for as
many years as requested. They can include future lump-sum payouts or
benefit increases.
- Spreading out payments over
time can reduce the temptation to make large, extravagant purchases and
guarantees future income. This is especially helpful if the recipient has
a medical condition that will require long term care.
- Unlike stocks, bonds and mutual
funds, structured settlements are not dependent on fluctuations of
financial markets. Payments are guaranteed by the insurance company that
issued the annuity.
- A structured settlement often
yields, in total, more than a lump-sum payout would because of the
interest your annuity may earn over time.
Cons
- Once terms are finalized,
there’s little you can do to alter them if they do not meet your needs.
You cannot renegotiate the terms if your financial situation or the
overall economy changes.
- Funds are not immediately
accessible in case of an emergency, and the recipient cannot invest the
lump-sum payout in other investments that carry higher rates of return.
- Tapping into your structured
settlement without selling payments will cost you money. You will pay
surrender charges and IRS penalties if you withdraw funds before age 59½.
- Some parts of a settlement,
such as attorney’s fees and punitive damages can be taxed.
- Not all states require
insurance companies to disclose their costs to establish a structured
settlement or lump-sum annuity. Without this information, a recipient
could lose a significant amount of money from their settlement through
administrative fees.
Selling Your Structured Settlement Payments
Selling
Structured Settlement Payments: Find out how structured settlement recipients
can access their cash award ahead of the annuity contract schedule. Learn more
about topics like:
- What Is the Secondary Annuity
Market?
- Key Considerations and
Requirements
- Selling Payments on Behalf of
Minors